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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

甘肃山丹：开创“人才兴县”新局面******

　　【科技政策扎实落地·看招】

　　“作为土生土长的山丹人，我要充分发挥一技之长，为家乡的肉羊产业发展出一份力……”日前，中国农业大学特聘研究生导师、甘肃省张掖市市管拔尖人才、农业技术推广研究员高志卿接受科技日报记者采访时说。

　　山丹县是半农半牧县，也是甘肃省肉羊产业大县之一，特产“山丹羊肉”是国家地理标志产品，肉羊产业是当地农民增收的主导产业。但是，专业技术人员老龄化严重、技能型、工匠型人才极度匮乏，肉羊标准化养殖技术推广受阻，科技创新力度不强，严重制约了肉羊产业发展。

　　自高志卿及团队申请实施“人才培养支撑羊产业高质量发展”重点人才项目以来，先后获得项目支持资金16万元，培育乡村工匠65名，专业技术人员15人，产业带头人25人，确保山丹羊产业发展“后继有人”。

　　党的二十大报告提出，深入实施人才强国战略。这为山丹县进一步做好人才工作提供了根本遵循和行动指南。

　　强引领 凝聚人才发展合力

　　近年来，山丹县通过树立“一把手抓第一资源”责任意识，建立了党委政府人才工作目标责任制，实行人才工作领导小组成员单位重大事项报告。

　　据了解，该县出台的《山丹县“十百千万人才工程”实施方案》，配套制定项目平台、岗位职称、柔性引才、生活服务等多项优惠政策措施，投入近2000万元，创新设立“千万人才专项引导资金”，形成“1+X+N”人才“引育用留”闭环体系。

　　“借助县上实施的‘两站一学者’计划，我们柔性引进高层次医疗专家（团队）8个，一定程度上解决了群众看病难、看病贵、看病远的问题，让百姓在家门口就能享受到同质化的医疗服务。”山丹县人民医院党委书记朱成善向记者介绍引才用才工作。

　　山丹县聚焦县域医疗卫生领域短板弱项，实施“两站一学者”柔性引才计划，与中国医学科学院等医疗机构达成帮扶协议，邀请知名专家（团队）来山丹开展诊疗活动。截至目前，共诊疗患者6000多人，节约群众外出就医费用3000多万元，以人才工作“小切口”，解决民生事业“大问题”。

　　促发展 营造近悦远来氛围

　　“之前还担心一人租房不方便，没想到人才公寓的环境设施这么好。”作为第一批入住人才公寓的高层次引进人才，王治国在拿到公寓钥匙后兴奋地说。

　　为解决引进高层次人才“安居之忧”，让他们在工作上“轻装上阵”，山丹县大力打造安居工程。配套出台高层次人才租房补贴政策，共投资1300多万元建成高标准“人才公寓”22套，配套建成集学习交流、健身休闲为一体的“人才之家”，为入住人才提供全方位的生活设施，实现来丹即住、居而无忧，目前第一批共6人入住人才公寓。

　　今年以来，全县共组建7个乡村振兴专家服务团深入10个乡村建设省级示范村和24个农业产业化龙头企业开展技术指导，安排37名市、县管拔尖人才，以“揭榜挂帅”方式深入乡村一线解难题、助发展，选派27名优秀人才到11个重点产业示范基地担任技术指导员，为乡村振兴、产业发展赋能助力。

　　“我们会用最大的诚意、最优的政策、最好的环境留住人才、集聚人才、用好人才，推动经济社会各项工作不断向前向好发展。”山丹县委常委、组织部部长、县委人才工作领导小组副组长赵学涛说，今后，山丹县将深入学习贯彻党的二十大精神，牢固树立发展是第一要务、人才是第一资源理念，聚焦工业主导型和生态功能型发展定位，不断激发人才“内生动力”，开创“人才兴县”新局面。（本报记者 颉满斌 通 讯 员 朱 韬）

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）